Felhantering

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När ett fel uppstår i en procedur svarar tRPC till klienten med ett objekt som innehåller en "error"-egenskap. Denna egenskap innehåller all information du behöver för att hantera felet i klienten.

Här är ett exempel på felsvar orsakat av felaktig indata i en förfrågan:

json
{
  "id": null,
  "error": {
    "message": "\"password\" must be at least 4 characters",
    "code": -32600,
    "data": {
      "code": "BAD_REQUEST",
      "httpStatus": 400,
      "stack": "...",
      "path": "user.changepassword"
    }
  }
}

json
{
  "id": null,
  "error": {
    "message": "\"password\" must be at least 4 characters",
    "code": -32600,
    "data": {
      "code": "BAD_REQUEST",
      "httpStatus": 400,
      "stack": "...",
      "path": "user.changepassword"
    }
  }
}

Observera: stackspårningen returneras endast i utvecklingsmiljön.

Felkoder

tRPC definierar en lista med felkoder där varje kod representerar en olika typ av fel och svarar med ett annat HTTP-statuskod.

Code	Description	HTTP code
BAD_REQUEST	The server cannot or will not process the request due to something that is perceived to be a client error.	400
UNAUTHORIZED	The client request has not been completed because it lacks valid authentication credentials for the requested resource.	401
FORBIDDEN	The server was unauthorized to access a required data source, such as a REST API.	403
NOT_FOUND	The server cannot find the requested resource.	404
TIMEOUT	The server would like to shut down this unused connection.	408
CONFLICT	The server request resource conflict with the current state of the target resource.	409
PRECONDITION_FAILED	Access to the target resource has been denied.	412
PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE	Request entity is larger than limits defined by server.	413
METHOD_NOT_SUPPORTED	The server knows the request method, but the target resource doesn't support this method.	405
UNPROCESSABLE_CONTENT	The server understands the request method, and the request entity is correct, but the server was unable to process it.	422
TOO_MANY_REQUESTS	The rate limit has been exceeded or too many requests are being sent to the server.	429
CLIENT_CLOSED_REQUEST	Access to the resource has been denied.	499
INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR	An unspecified error occurred.	500

tRPC tillhandahåller hjälpfunktionen getHTTPStatusCodeFromError för att extrahera HTTP-statuskoden från felet:

ts
import { getHTTPStatusCodeFromError } from '@trpc/server/http';
 
// Example error you might get if your input validation fails
const error: TRPCError = {
  name: 'TRPCError',
  code: 'BAD_REQUEST',
  message: '"password" must be at least 4 characters',
};
 
if (error instanceof TRPCError) {
  const httpCode = getHTTPStatusCodeFromError(error);
  console.log(httpCode); // 400
}

ts
import { getHTTPStatusCodeFromError } from '@trpc/server/http';
 
// Example error you might get if your input validation fails
const error: TRPCError = {
  name: 'TRPCError',
  code: 'BAD_REQUEST',
  message: '"password" must be at least 4 characters',
};
 
if (error instanceof TRPCError) {
  const httpCode = getHTTPStatusCodeFromError(error);
  console.log(httpCode); // 400
}

tips

Det finns ett fullständigt exempel på hur detta kan användas i en Next.js API-endpoint i dokumentationen för Server Side Calls.

Kasta fel

tRPC tillhandahåller en felunderklass, TRPCError, som du kan använda för att representera ett fel som uppstått i en procedur.

Exempelvis ger följande felkastning:

server.ts
ts
import { initTRPC, TRPCError } from '@trpc/server';
const t = initTRPC.create();
const appRouter = t.router({
  hello: t.procedure.query(() => {
    throw new TRPCError({
      code: 'INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR',
      message: 'An unexpected error occurred, please try again later.',
      // optional: pass the original error to retain stack trace
      cause: theError,
    });
  }),
});
// [...]

server.ts
ts
import { initTRPC, TRPCError } from '@trpc/server';
const t = initTRPC.create();
const appRouter = t.router({
  hello: t.procedure.query(() => {
    throw new TRPCError({
      code: 'INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR',
      message: 'An unexpected error occurred, please try again later.',
      // optional: pass the original error to retain stack trace
      cause: theError,
    });
  }),
});
// [...]

Resultatet blir följande svar:

json
{
  "id": null,
  "error": {
    "message": "An unexpected error occurred, please try again later.",
    "code": -32603,
    "data": {
      "code": "INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR",
      "httpStatus": 500,
      "stack": "...",
      "path": "hello"
    }
  }
}

json
{
  "id": null,
  "error": {
    "message": "An unexpected error occurred, please try again later.",
    "code": -32603,
    "data": {
      "code": "INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR",
      "httpStatus": 500,
      "stack": "...",
      "path": "hello"
    }
  }
}

Hantera fel

Alla fel som uppstår i en procedur passerar genom metoden onError innan de skickas till klienten. Här kan du hantera eller modifiera felen.

pages/api/trpc/[trpc].ts
ts
export default trpcNext.createNextApiHandler({
  // ...
  onError(opts) {
    const { error, type, path, input, ctx, req } = opts;
    console.error('Error:', error);
    if (error.code === 'INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR') {
      // send to bug reporting
    }
  },
});

pages/api/trpc/[trpc].ts
ts
export default trpcNext.createNextApiHandler({
  // ...
  onError(opts) {
    const { error, type, path, input, ctx, req } = opts;
    console.error('Error:', error);
    if (error.code === 'INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR') {
      // send to bug reporting
    }
  },
});

onError-parametern är ett objekt som innehåller all information om felet och den kontext det uppstod i:

ts
{
  error: TRPCError; // the original error
  type: 'query' | 'mutation' | 'subscription' | 'unknown';
  path: string | undefined; // path of the procedure that was triggered
  input: unknown;
  ctx: Context | undefined;
  req: BaseRequest; // request object
}

ts
{
  error: TRPCError; // the original error
  type: 'query' | 'mutation' | 'subscription' | 'unknown';
  path: string | undefined; // path of the procedure that was triggered
  input: unknown;
  ctx: Context | undefined;
  req: BaseRequest; // request object
}