跳至主内容
版本：11.x

非 JSON 内容类型

非官方测试版翻译

本页面由 PageTurner AI 翻译（测试版）。未经项目官方认可。 发现错误？ 报告问题 →

除 JSON 可序列化数据外，tRPC 还可使用 FormData、File 及其他二进制类型作为过程输入

客户端设置​

信息

虽然 tRPC 原生支持多种非 JSON 可序列化类型，但根据具体配置情况，客户端可能需要进行链接配置才能支持这些类型。

httpLink 原生支持非 JSON 内容类型。若仅使用此链接，现有配置可直接生效

ts
import { httpLink } from '@trpc/client';
trpc.createClient({
  links: [
    httpLink({
      url: 'http://localhost:2022',
    }),
  ],
});
ts
import { httpLink } from '@trpc/client';
trpc.createClient({
  links: [
    httpLink({
      url: 'http://localhost:2022',
    }),
  ],
});

但并非所有链接都支持这些新内容类型。若使用 httpBatchLink 或 httpBatchStreamLink，需通过 splitLink 根据内容类型选择相应链接

ts
import {
  httpBatchLink,
  httpLink,
  isNonJsonSerializable,
  splitLink,
} from '@trpc/client';
trpc.createClient({
  links: [
    splitLink({
      condition: (op) => isNonJsonSerializable(op.input),
      true: httpLink({
        url,
      }),
      false: httpBatchLink({
        url,
      }),
    }),
  ],
});
ts
import {
  httpBatchLink,
  httpLink,
  isNonJsonSerializable,
  splitLink,
} from '@trpc/client';
trpc.createClient({
  links: [
    splitLink({
      condition: (op) => isNonJsonSerializable(op.input),
      true: httpLink({
        url,
      }),
      false: httpBatchLink({
        url,
      }),
    }),
  ],
});

若在 tRPC 服务端使用 transformer，TypeScript 要求客户端链接中也需定义 transformer。
请参考以下基础示例：

ts
import {
  httpBatchLink,
  httpLink,
  isNonJsonSerializable,
  splitLink,
} from '@trpc/client';
import superjson from 'superjson';
trpc.createClient({
  links: [
    splitLink({
      condition: (op) => isNonJsonSerializable(op.input),
      true: httpLink({
        url,
        transformer: {
          // request - convert data before sending to the tRPC server
          serialize: (data) => data,
          // response - convert the tRPC response before using it in client
          deserialize: superjson.deserialize, // or your other transformer
        },
      }),
      false: httpBatchLink({
        url,
        transformers: superjson, // or your other transformer
      }),
    }),
  ],
});
ts
import {
  httpBatchLink,
  httpLink,
  isNonJsonSerializable,
  splitLink,
} from '@trpc/client';
import superjson from 'superjson';
trpc.createClient({
  links: [
    splitLink({
      condition: (op) => isNonJsonSerializable(op.input),
      true: httpLink({
        url,
        transformer: {
          // request - convert data before sending to the tRPC server
          serialize: (data) => data,
          // response - convert the tRPC response before using it in client
          deserialize: superjson.deserialize, // or your other transformer
        },
      }),
      false: httpBatchLink({
        url,
        transformers: superjson, // or your other transformer
      }),
    }),
  ],
});

服务端用法​

信息

tRPC 处理请求时，会根据请求的 Content-Type 标头解析请求体。
若遇到类似 Failed to parse body as XXX 的错误，请确保服务器（如 Express、Next.js）未在 tRPC 之前解析请求体。

ts
// Example in express
// incorrect
const app = express();
app.use(express.json()); // this try to parse body before tRPC.
app.post('/express/hello', (req,res) => {/* ... */ }); // normal express route handler
app.use('/trpc', trpcExpress.createExpressMiddleware({ /* ... */}))// tRPC fails to parse body
// correct
const app = express();
app.use('/express', express.json()); // do it only in "/express/*" path
app.post('/express/hello', (req,res) => {/* ... */ });
app.use('/trpc', trpcExpress.createExpressMiddleware({ /* ... */}))// tRPC can parse body
ts
// Example in express
// incorrect
const app = express();
app.use(express.json()); // this try to parse body before tRPC.
app.post('/express/hello', (req,res) => {/* ... */ }); // normal express route handler
app.use('/trpc', trpcExpress.createExpressMiddleware({ /* ... */}))// tRPC fails to parse body
// correct
const app = express();
app.use('/express', express.json()); // do it only in "/express/*" path
app.post('/express/hello', (req,res) => {/* ... */ });
app.use('/trpc', trpcExpress.createExpressMiddleware({ /* ... */}))// tRPC can parse body

FormData 输入​

FormData 已获原生支持。如需高级用法，可结合 zod-form-data 等库实现类型安全的输入验证

ts
import { z } from 'zod';
 
export const t = initTRPC.create();
const publicProcedure = t.procedure;
 
export const appRouter = t.router({
  hello: publicProcedure.input(z.instanceof(FormData)).mutation((opts) => {
    const data = opts.input;
           
const data: FormData
    return {
      greeting: `Hello ${data.get('name')}`,
    };
  }),
});
ts
import { z } from 'zod';
 
export const t = initTRPC.create();
const publicProcedure = t.procedure;
 
export const appRouter = t.router({
  hello: publicProcedure.input(z.instanceof(FormData)).mutation((opts) => {
    const data = opts.input;
           
const data: FormData
    return {
      greeting: `Hello ${data.get('name')}`,
    };
  }),
});

高级代码示例请参见此处示例项目

File 及其他二进制类型输入​

tRPC 会将多种八位元内容类型转换为 ReadableStream 供过程使用，当前支持类型包括 Blob、Uint8Array 和 File

ts
import { octetInputParser } from '@trpc/server/http';
 
export const t = initTRPC.create();
const publicProcedure = t.procedure;
 
export const appRouter = t.router({
  upload: publicProcedure.input(octetInputParser).mutation((opts) => {
    const data = opts.input;
           
const data: ReadableStream<any>
    return {
      valid: true,
    };
  }),
});
ts
import { octetInputParser } from '@trpc/server/http';
 
export const t = initTRPC.create();
const publicProcedure = t.procedure;
 
export const appRouter = t.router({
  upload: publicProcedure.input(octetInputParser).mutation((opts) => {
    const data = opts.input;
           
const data: ReadableStream<any>
    return {
      valid: true,
    };
  }),
});